This paper uses questionnaires and combines with the analysis of public opinion to explore problems existing in the ideological and political education of college students in the Internet information age. It compares the distinctive features of the ideological and political education in the new era with the traditional teaching methods. The research results show that the undisciplined college students, insufficient attention to public opinion communication, unhealthy network environment and laxity in information supervision are main reasons for the low effectiveness in the ideological and political education of college students. The research in this paper provides a positive significance for the promotion and improvement of ideological and political education in the new era.