Since the 21st century, the legal practice education of college students in China has gradually transferred the focus from the popularization of legal knowledge to the cultivation of citizen consciousness. Law education is practical education instead of theoretical education. Under the vision of cultivation of citizen consciousness, this study explores the problems of college students’ efficient legal practice education, and puts forward some solutions to the existing problems. The results show that the subject of legal practice education under the system of cultivation of citizen consciousness is college students whose depth of legal consciousness is not enough. The legal practice education can also actively arouse the enthusiasm of students, strengthen students’ ability of coping with psychological quality and solving problems, and cultivate college students’ consciousness and citizen consciousness. This study provides theoretical basis for promoting the legal practice education of college students and cultivating the citizen consciousness of college students.