This paper attempts to study the ideological and political education in colleges and universities from the perspective of philosophical cognitive thinking by analyzing the influences of philosophical cognitive thinking on college ideological and political education and the relationship between the two. In addition to analyzing the influences of new media on ideological and political education in colleges and universities, this paper also proposes innovative thinking in building ideological and political education platforms, enriching educational content and improving educational methods. Through the above analysis, it is concluded that efforts should be made to build a healthy network environment, cultivate quality education teams and establish characteristic netplatforms based on philosophical cognitive thinking as the new ways to innovate ideological and political education in colleges and universities.