Innovation and entrepreneurship education has become an educational form and concept in the era of knowledge economy and it is an inevitable trend in college education to extensively promote innovation and entrepreneurship education in colleges and universities. Also, it is an inevitable demand for the talent cultivation of higher education to constantly promote and upgrade the quality of innovation and entrepreneurship education in colleges and universities. This paper discusses the development of innovation and entrepreneurship education in China’s colleges and universities through questionnaires and it is found that the current situation for innovation and entrepreneurship education in colleges and universities is low awareness, relatively weak consciousness and the incomplete curriculum system. At the same time, based on the entrepreneurial ecosystem theory, a new innovative and entrepreneurial education model is established, which embeds innovation and entrepreneurship education into the innovation and entrepreneurship ecosystem. The practice proves that this model has a good effect on the cultivation of innovative and entrepreneurial talents, which is of great theoretical and practical significance for the continuous improvement of education mode .