To study the interaction between ideological and political education and emotions of college students, this paper, based on literature analysis, EEG experimentation and induction summarization, briefly analyzed the concepts of ideological and political education acceptance and emotion, and their relationship. On this basis, the brain science experiment method and self-made pictures were introduced to induce the emotions of the subjects, and the physiological indicators and EEG data when they viewed the pictures were recorded. Finally, the experimental data were analyzed from the subjective emotion experience, autonomic nervous response and EEG analysis. Results have shown that the subjects who received ideological and political education differed from the ones who did not receive ideological and political education in the emotional experience. The subjects who received ideological and political education show more positive emotional experience that in turn enhancestheir acceptance of ideological and political education activities.