Along with the economic globalization, international competition is becoming more and more intense and internationalization of higher education has become an irresistible trend. Cultivation of international talents has become the only way for the development of a country. Internationalization of higher education in China is speeding up with the proposal of policy of “the Belt and Road” and “Double First-Class University Plan”. This study explores the relationship between internationalization of higher education and the further study trend of overseas students, and analyzes it with the case of university. The ways to promote internationalization of higher education are given. The results show that the total number of overseas students and the number of students studying in China have increased rapidly in recent years, and the number of Confucius Institutes established abroad has exceeded 550. China has made great efforts to improve the guarantee system for internationalization of higher education, the management system of overseas students and international academic exchanges, and has put forward many ways to solve the existing problems. This study will provide a theoretical basis for the realization of internationalization of higher education in China.